Capital Maintenance Doctrine for Developments †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theCapital Maintenance Doctrine for Developments. Answer: History of the Doctrine The convention of capital support was initially evolved during the mid-nineteenth Century. IT was created in the United Kingdom. The idea suggests that an organization ought to get legitimate installment for its offers yet can't reimburse it to the investor. Before, the tenet was applied all the more generally among different countries. In any case, these days, it has gotten less important and isn't applied frequently. Significantly, this can be ascribed to the way that most organizations today issue a little offer cash-flow to its individuals. Another clarification for the waning pertinence of the teaching can be made gotten from the way that most organizations today think about the guideline as refined and superfluously convoluted (Kaplan, n.d.). Hence, different nations have rebuilt their Capital support rules to suit the specific needs of their organizations. In a general sense, the tenet of capital support has become over the course of the years through a progression of utilizations and translations in official courtrooms all through the world. One ideal case of a case law in that applies this tenet is Trevor v Whitworth (Hannignan, 2012). For this situation, a firm enjoyed its own buyout. Thus, during its liquidation, one investor applied to the court to be discounted the cash owed to him by the organization after the buyout. While the court held that he ought to be repaid his cash, the House of Lords held that the acquisition of the organization by its individuals was ultra vires (Islam, 2013). For this situation, the House of Lords demanded that it was unlawful to discount the investors without the issuance of a legitimate approval of decrease of capital by the court. Advantages of the Doctrine The convention is valuable in its application since it offers assurance to the privileges of the organizations loan bosses. Fundamentally, it shields the capital of lenders loaned to the firm for motivations behind business movement. Moreover, this rule additionally secures the privileges of investors, particularly the minority investors by guaranteeing legitimate use of the assets of the association. Special cases to the Doctrine There are different special cases to the regulation. In England, for example, there are exemptions under which the companys capital can be decreased. In a general sense, the CA 2008 licenses private firms to diminish their cash-flow to their capital through an exceptional goals by individuals which is strengthened by a composed articulation of dissolvability by the entirety of its chiefs (Hannigan, 2012). Reference List Capital support. Kaplan Financial Knowledge Bank, [online]. Accessible at https://kfknowledgebank.kaplan.co.uk/KFKB/Wiki%20Pages/Capital%20maintenance.aspx [Accessed 21 May 2017]. Hannigan, B., 2012. The tenet of capital support. Oxford Index, [online] (Last refreshed June 2014). Accessible at https://oxfordindex.oup.com/see/10.1093/he/9780199608027.003.0020 [Accessed 21 May 2017]. Islam, S., 2013. The Doctrine of Capital Maintenance and its Statutory Developments: An Analysis. The Northern University Journal of Law, 4, pp. 47-55.

Peplaus Theory free essay sample

Peplau (1969) recommended that attendants need to get mindful of themselves, their own needs and their own responses, so as to assist patients with meeting their own needs. Medical caretakers must build up the ability of accomplishing proficient closeness, a property just learned through expert Some restrictions of Peplaus hypothesis remember the absence of accentuation for wellbeing advancement and upkeep; that intra-relational intricacies, individual space contemplations, and network social help assets are less thought of; it cannot be utilized on a patient who can't communicate a need; and a few regions are not explicit enough to create a theory. Her 1952 book, Interpersonal Relations in Nursing, Dr. Peplau plots her reasonable structure for psychodynamic nursing. This book was the principal distributed nursing hypothesis since Florence Nightingale’s 1860 idea. The reason for her work was her own and clinical experience. She worked during the incredible flu plague, which helped her to comprehend the â€Å"influence of sickness and passing on people and families† (Tomay and Alligood, 2002, p. We will compose a custom article test on Peplaus Theory or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 80). Her hypothesis centers around the relational turn of events and the helpful relationship that creates between the medical caretaker and the patient, dissimilar to numerous speculations that put the consideration exclusively on the customer. This attendant customer relationship turns into the core of the nursing procedure. Peplau’s auxiliary center is the intrapersonal procedure of medical attendant just as customer. Intrapersonal alludes to marvels that happen inside an individual (Forchuk,1993, p. 45).The attendant not just spotlights on the customer, the person additionally thinks about oneself. Hilda educated psychodynamic nursing, focusing on the criticalness of the nurse’s ability to get their own conduct so as to assist patients with perceiving their apparent impediments (Tomey and Alligood, 2002, p. 24). Center Concepts The center ideas of nursing include: nursing, individual, condition, and wellbeing. (Forchuk, 1993, p. 7) Peplau further characterized these ideas in her theory.She believed nursing to be an apparatus that tries to advance wellbeing, individual as a person that lives in a variable setting, condition as environmental factors that may advance wellbeing or look after ailment, and wellbeing as the headway of human turn of events (Forchuk, 1993, p7). Dr. Peplau’s hypothesis advances through psychodynamic nursing, which she characterized as â€Å"being ready to comprehend one’s own conduct to help other people recognize felt troubles and to apply standards of human responses to the issues that emerge at all degrees of experience† (Tomey Alligood, 2002, p. 82). She separates the medical attendant patient relationship into stages: direction, distinguishing proof, misuse, and goals. In the direction stage, the patient has a need and looks for help. In the distinguishing proof stage, the patient perceives the individuals who can be of help. In the abuse stage, the patient puts forth an attempt to exploit what the person is offered through the association. During the goals stage, the patient gradually sets aside old objectives and acknowledges new ones (Tomey Alligood, 2002, p. 82). From these stages, Peplau saw distinctive nursing jobs developing: that of outsider, asset individual, instructor, pioneer, proxy, and advisor. In the job of outsider, the medical attendant treats the patient with normal civility. As an asset individual, the medical caretaker addresses that the patient may have explicit to their consideration. The position of authority incorporates the popularity based procedure and the substitute job includes the patient and medical attendant characterizing all zones of care.In the guiding job, the medical attendant reacts to the patient’s concerns, and the instructing job consolidates parts of every one of these capacities (Tomey Alligood, 2002, p. 382-383). Use of Dr. Peplau’s Theory A nursing hypothesis helps the rehearsing medical attendant in arranging, understanding, and breaking down patient data; settling on choices with respect to nursing usage; arranging tolerant consideration; and foreseeing and assessing persistent results (Tomey Alligood, 2002, p. 17). Dr.Peplau’s hypothesis can be used to coordinate the attendant in the different parts of work on, including evaluation and arranged mediations. Many medical caretaker scientists have utilized Peplau’s hypothesis for quantitative just as subjective strategies for inquire about. Peplau accepted that medical attendants could apply these standards to any part of their lives. During evaluation, the medical attendant and patient examine the patient’s issues and the medical attendant clarifies accessible administrations. As the medical attendant patient relationship is created, the attendant and patient cooperatively characterize issues and arrangements. Utilizing Peplau’s hypothesis, medical attendant and customer commonly plan to meet the patient needs (Potter Perry, 1993, p. 10-11) For an attendant to build up the adequacy of arranged intercessions, the medical caretaker should initially know about the section through different phases of the helpful relationship. Peplau’s hypothesis has been utilized widely in the psychological well-being field, in any case, it is pertinent in each part of nursing work on, including: geriatric, crisis, nurture the executives, general wellbeing, and clinical practice. Numerous clinics in the nation have received her model as a reason for understanding care.Nursing research in regions, for example, uneasiness and compassion came about because of her model (Potter Perry, 1993, p. 11). All in all, Peplau’s hypothesis was progressive in all parts of the nursing procedure. Peplau’s center around the relational elements of the medical caretaker persistent relationship permits the attendant to develop jobs as asset individual, instructor and educator. Dr. Peplau’s spearheading thought that the patient is a person with a felt need and that nursing is an intelligent and remedial procedure is as yet important today as it takes into account noteworthy energizing results.

Book Riots Deals of the Day for January 31, 2020

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Essay on My Philosophy of Education - 1206 Words

As an educator we all struggle with philosophy and where to go from there once we decide what our set of beliefs are. Once we put our philosophy in place, we then struggle with changing our philosophy. I believe that philosophies can be always changing any given situation and in order for growth as an educator we have to be aware of the situations that can change our philosophy, as well as being true to our core beliefs. However, in order for this to happen we must understand what philosophy is, and what it is not and how it fall in line with ideology and theories. For this assignment, I will compare and contrast philosophy, ideology, and theory. Philosophy is the most beliefs about what is true or real according to individual values†¦show more content†¦Invariably, each answer to the questions we ask ourselves in the realm of metaphysics is going to vary from person to person because there is NO right answer. How does metaphysics play a part in education? Well, again, it is about foundation. Every educational program needs to be based upon reality and facts, not imagination or illusion. Having differing metaphysical beliefs can lead to varying different educational approaches – methods can be dramatically different as whether the universe was created by the big boom, or created by God, or if mankind evolved from apes. Metaphysics can be a huge underlying factor of everything we do within the classroom. Another component of philosophy is epistemology. Epistemology seeks vary simplistic answers, but can be considered to be closely related to metaphysics (Gutek, 2009). Epistemology allows us to ask questions such as how do we know what we know; what is the truth; how do we learn; for this component, we deal with issues of dependability of the knowledge and the validity of the sources of the knowledge (Gutek, 2009). In regards education, epistemology deals with the knowledge process and in understanding this, educators are engaged in this undertaking. It has a direct impact upon the assumptions of the sources of knowledgeShow MoreRelatedMy Philosophy On The Philosophy Of Education844 Words   |  4 PagesIn mathematics, as in life, everything must be brought to the simplest of terms. I base my teaching philosophy on the foundation that every student is capable of learning mathematics. I will strive, as a teacher, to ensure that my students are able to have a strong foundation of mathematical skills when they leave my classroom. Some students believe that they are not mathematically gifted; therefore, incapable of learning mathematics. I believe to the contrary, all students with motivation, sustainedRead MoreMy Philosophy On Philosophy Of Education852 Words   |  4 PagesMy Philosophy of Education My philosophy of education is founded on a belief that all students have a desire to learn and to feel accepted. Learning takes place when students are able to have their specific needs meet inside the classroom, to feel accepted in the environment, and find the learning to be meaningful. I believe that before learning can take place a proper educational environment must be present inside the classroom. In order to make any classroom work I believe you need meet three criteriaRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education As A Education864 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent philosophy of education, and what purpose education serves in a child’s life. The five philosophies of education that we recognize are: Essentialism, Perennialism, Progressivism, Social Reconstructionism, and Existentialism. I would most recognize my philosophy of education as Essentialism. Essentialism has been a dominant influence in American education since World War II. It focuses on core curriculum of traditional academic topics. I believe that the purpose of education is teachingRead MoreMy Philosophy of Education824 Words   |  4 Pages13 February 2011 My Philosophy of Education I believe that progressivism educational philosophy most closely matches my educational ideals. In my opinion based on the progressivism educational philosophy, the purpose of education is to enable students to learn useful knowledge that has meaning to them in the future. Thus, the most useful education for students is the skill of â€Å"learning how to learn†. When students understand the methodsRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education And Education1038 Words   |  5 PagesMy Philosophy of Education When trying coming up with a personal philosophy of education, I had to ask myself what the purpose of education is. To me, the purpose of education is to teach students knowledge that is needed to make it through school and to succeed in the world after graduation. Anyone can go into teaching, but not every teacher can teach. Teachers go above and beyond to introduce methods, philosophies, and strategies to help their students learn, as well as, retain the informationRead MoreMy Education Philosophy 1511 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Mission Statement Education is the imparting and acquiring of knowledge and skills through teaching and learning. As an educator, my personal mission statement is to master my subject area in order to serve as a role model for my students thereby producing students who thoroughly understand the subject matter, and who develop holistically. In order to achieve this goal I must have a set education philosophy with a strong Christian worldview. I must also have a general understanding of theRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education1056 Words   |  5 PagesPhilosophy of Student Engagement My philosophy of education is that every child should receive high quality education that is inclusive, relevant and meaningful to their life. I am a firm believer of making pedagogy relatable to my students. My vision is driven by my personal experiences with the American school system. I was what is thought of as â€Å"A child at risk†. I am an immigrant, black, Muslim student. My life is transactional as I am a part of multiple marginalized groups. Most of my teachersRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education And Education864 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy of Education Children are the future and their education is the key to our society’s success. When considering this, I realize I have an immense responsibility as an educator. The main focuses of my teaching are active learning, building character within students, and providing meaningful curriculum. I want to create a comfortable setting where every student feels safe to learn. In many ways, my philosophy agrees with the holistic approach to education. I feel this challenges the studentRead MoreMy Philosophy on Education814 Words   |  3 PagesMy Philosophy of Education I think when I made the decision to become a teacher I was not thinking the seriousness of this decision. When we become teachers we also become the molder that will shape our student to be successful in life. But when you decide to become a teacher in a Christian school you are not only shaping this student to be successful in life but we are also shaping their Christian mind to do things with a feeling knowing that they are shape and where made by the image of GodRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education1015 Words   |  5 Pagesimmediately sparked my interest in becoming an educator and share my personal beliefs on the important aspects of education. In addition to this, I will present various traits I believe are essential and critical for teachers to successfully fulfill their role as an educator. During my elementary years, I developed an urge to frequently ask many questions during the school day. Being able to question anything was astonishing to me. This was because my parents were unable to answer my questions and help

Abstinence Essay 4 - 1619 Words

Abstinence Abstinence is the only form of birth control that is 100% effective – in both preventing pregnancies and most sexually transmitted infections. If you choose to be abstinent, then you have decided not to have any type of sexual relations. Learn some of the reasons why people choose to abstain as well as the benefits from this behavior. Discover the difference between continuous and complete abstinence. Read advice on how to stay abstinent and when to make the decision about using abstinence as your contraceptive method. Possible pitfalls people face when choosing this method are also examined. Abstinence is the only birth control method that is 100% effective in preventing pregnancy as well as sexually transmitted diseases.†¦show more content†¦Do your best to follow through with your decision until you are in a situation where you are able to think about it and re-assess it with a clear head (and no pressure). 6. Learn About Your Body Many people have told me that understanding the body and ways to keep it healthy is helpful in maintaining your decision of abstinence. Learn about sexually transmitted infections as not all have cures or treatment. Some STD’s, like Herpes will last your whole life and HIV can lead to AIDS, which can cause death. This can help to reaffirm your decision. Also, research has shown that women who practice abstinence into their 20’s may have specific health advantages over women who do not. Abstinence lowers their likelihood of becoming infertile, developing cervical cancer, and contracting a STD. 7. Educate Yourself About Birth Control and Safe Sex Although you have chosen to practice abstinence, it is beneficial to know that most people are not prepared to protect themselves against pregnancy or infection when they have chosen to end their abstinence. By learning about the various contraceptive methods available and how to access them, you will be ready should you change your mind. 8. Find out About Emergency Contraception It is very important that you find out, now, about emergency birth control options just incase you have sexual intercourse when you were not planning to or expect to. Your intention may be to practice abstinence; however, sometimes it is very hard toShow MoreRelatedSex Ed By Anna Quindlen963 Words   |  4 Pagesdistinguished her as being a feminist. Even though â€Å"Sex Ed† was written long ago, it is as relevant today as then because teens today are not much different from then. In Anna Quindlen’s essay, ‘Sex Ed,† she expresses that parents and teachers need to come together and talk to teenagers about sex. In Quindlen’s essay she talks about when she was sitting in a clinic in the poorest neighborhood in New York City. She sat with a group of young teenagers who amazed her with their knowledge of sexualityRead MoreAbstinence vs. Harm Reduction1733 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Abstinence Vs. Harm Reduction† â€Å"Drug policy regarding the control of the traditional illicit substances (opiates, cocaine, cannabis) is currently moving through upbeat times in almost all Western countries. Prohibition on the basis of repressive law enforcement not only seems to fail on a large scale, but also to create vast additional costs, problems, and harm for drug consumers, who often find themselves in extreme social, economic, and health conditions† (Fischer 1995: 389). Western countriesRead MoreDiscuss the Importance and Interplay of Social, Psychological and Biological Factors in the Course of Heroin Addiction. What Therapeutic Approaches Can Be Used to Treat This Form of Drug Dependence?1583 Words   |  7 Pagesmain effects through psychological mechanisms of action, the user feels a sense of great warmth and well-being and views the world with greatly reduced anxiety and emotional distress. These feelings last for a relatively short period of time of around 4-6 hours. With repeated use the user develops tolerance and the user will need greater quantities of the substance to achieve the same effect. In time, as addiction develops the user lifestyle alters to accommodate spending an increasing amount of timeRead MoreThe Birth Control Movement Essay example1442 Words   |  6 Pageswomen and of the working class† (6, 1.120). In document one, the essay â€Å"Why the Woman Rebel?† Sanger makes a strong political statement on the soc ial implications of legalizing birth control. Drawing heavily from the plight of the working class Sanger makes her case on the grounds that the legalization of birth control is the first step to the liberation of the disenfranchised working class at the hands of capitalism. The essay is a rebellious prose intended to inspire â€Å"revolt†, a call to armsRead MoreA Defense Of Abortion By Judith Jarvis Thomson1549 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay I will argue why a woman has a right to self-defence but only in certain cases, for example, rape or where the mother’s life would be at risk if she did not have an abortion. In such circumstances, the woman’s right to self-defence outweighs a fetus’ right to life, however I would not allow that the mother’s right outweighs the fetus’ if the mother wanted to have an abortion of convenience because this denies the child of possible future experiences. Firstly, I will outline Judith JarvisRead MoreCondoms a New Diploma Critical Analysis Essay908 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis In the essay â€Å"Condoms: the New Diploma†, by Rush Limbaugh published in his book The Way Things Ought To Be in 1992, Limbaugh talks about how distribution of condoms in schools can lead to teenage promiscuity and encourages sexual activity at an early age. Limbaugh’s use of Reductio ad absurdum counter attacks the opposition’s argument on condom distribution and is effective since it is hard to attack the opposition. Limbaugh attempts to refute his opposition with a reductionRead More Thomas Malthuss overpopulation theory Essay1171 Words   |  5 Pages A little over two hundred years ago a man by the name of Thomas Malthus wrote a document entitled â€Å"An Essay on the Principle of Population† which essentially stated that there is an imbalance between our ability to produce food and our ability to produce children. He said human beings are far better at making babies than they are at finding food for survival. His entire essay is based on these two assumptions. â€Å" First, That food is necessary to the existence of man. And second, that the passionRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy : A High Risk, The Effects, And The Prevention Of Teen Pregnancy1242 Words   |  5 Pagesfew years, but it still is a big problem here in the United States. The United States has the highest rate of teenage pregnancy, Russia has the second highest. Teenage pregnancy is a social and economic problem; it is not good for our country. This essay, will discuss who is at a high risk, the effects, and the prevention of teen pregnancy. Some people are at a higher risk of getting pregnant at a young age. There are many factors that can make a person at a high risk. Most children that grow upRead MoreNegative Impact of Premarital Sex1110 Words   |  5 Pagesmarriage: FACT 1: Premarital sex tends to break up couples. FACT 2: Many men and women do not want to marry a person who has had intercourse with someone else. FACT 3: Those who have premarital sex tend to have less happy marriages. FACT 4: Those who have premarital sex are more likely to have their marriage end in divorce. FACT 5: Persons and couples who have had premarital sex are more likely to have extramarital affairs as well. FACT 6: Having premarital sex may fool you intoRead MoreHow Can Society Prevent and Avoid Unwanted Teenage Pregnancy?3437 Words   |  14 PagesProblem-Solution Essay Outline Essay question: How can society prevent and avoid unwanted teenage pregnancy? Outline Topic: Teenage Pregnancy Can Be Overstepped. I. Introduction Due to increased number of teenage pregnancy today’s society should take serious steps to prevent it and improve the situation by supplying a better sexual education at home and at school by both their parents and teachers. II. Background Teenage pregnancy is a large and growing problem over the world especially now when

Though the book “A Man without a Country” Free Essays

Though the book â€Å"A Man without a Country† is written in funny way, it has a serious message for those who are concerned about humanity in general and America in particular. It intimately expresses the author’s deep anguish at the prevailing situation in the United States despising the Bush administration and its policies. Kurt Vonnegut in his own kidding and humorous style strongly condemns the Americans’ lust for oil. We will write a custom essay sample on Though the book â€Å"A Man without a Country† or any similar topic only for you Order Now He laments at the inhuman administration that has dehumanized millions of people in the name of race and religion. He criticizes the unthinking and uncaring attitude of people in damaging the environment. He is not quite hopeful of a great future for the coming generations given the indifferent and reckless attitude of the present people. He says, â€Å"I know of very few people who are dreaming of a world for their grandchildren†. Using humor as a physiological response to the fear, he expresses his deep concern for the future generations and his total disregard for the people who are in the positions of power causing loss to people and to the green earth. He strongly advocates that everyone should save his own and others’ lives and be honorable. The title of the Book A Man without a Country, with the sub-title â€Å"A Memoir of Life in George W Bush’s America† is a collection of small essays, speeches and interviews despising the Bush administration. Fitting the definition of a memoir, the book comments on the incidents happened during administration of famous personality President Bush. The author calls himself a man without a country except for the librarians as he is quite disgusted with the present day Americans who present themselves as proud and pitiless war lovers. It is clear that he does not like to be associated with people who have dehumanized millions and millions of human beings in the name of religion and race. The book consists of intimate and informal conversations of an eighty year old man about the affairs of the day urging the people to save themselves and the earth and to be honorable. How to cite Though the book â€Å"A Man without a Country†, Papers

Ways in which e-commerce and the Internet have changed the relationship between companies and customers Essay Example

Ways in which e-commerce and the Internet have changed the relationship between companies and customers Essay With the development of the Internet in the last twenty years, the nature and manner in which business transactions and interactions with customers are carried out has undergone a sea change. In its early days, the Internet was used solely for purposes of communication. But in recent years the role and scope of the Internet has assumed new dimensions with the introduction of commercial transactions. What has come to be called e-commerce has its origins in the dotcom boom of the late 1990s. But it is only after the inevitable dotcom bust in the early years of the millennia that e-commerce established itself as a viable and dependable method of conducting business. Technological innovation in terms of developing security software aided this process and so did the process of globalization. As a culmination of these parallel but complementary processes, e-commerce in general and electronic financial transactions in particular has firmly taken root in mainstream global economy. Since the beginning of the 1990s, and with the advancement in global telecommunications technology, e-commerce has really taken off. And online retailing comprises an integral part of this broader phenomenon. In advanced countries, traditional brick and mortar retail stores have extended their services through the Internet, adding new dimensions to the experience of shopping for consumers. New and exclusive online retailers have also sprung up to cater to the newly created demand by consumers online. While there are complaints and concerns about this new mode of business (especially security issues), there are also numerous redeeming features of e-shopping, without which the market share for this fledgling industry would not have risen to 10 percent approximately. In the United Kingdom, for example, this 10 percent market share translates into 12 billion pounds annually, which is no insignificant amount (Yang Jun, 2008). The advantages that online shopping provides customers a re listed below: We will write a custom essay sample on Ways in which e-commerce and the Internet have changed the relationship between companies and customers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ways in which e-commerce and the Internet have changed the relationship between companies and customers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ways in which e-commerce and the Internet have changed the relationship between companies and customers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer â€Å"Counter-balancing the disadvantages and the slow responses of many e-retailers in addressing them, there is a number of advantages for shoppers. First, in ranked order from Cap Gemini survey: ‘convenient/easy’, ‘saves time’ and ‘fits in with other activities’. Other commonly cited advantages, typified by responses to other surveys: ‘breadth and depth of products’, ‘prices favorable’ and ‘convenient’. According to the same survey, ‘cost effectiveness’ (rather than just low prices) is the key reason for shoppers to buy online, followed by convenience and ease of purchase.† (Bharadwaj et, al., 2007) As scholarly literature on the subject shows, customers who shop online on a regular basis are comfortable with what this medium offers and are likely to be loyal, long term customers. The most difficult part is establishing that loyalty. That is why separate efforts have to be made to woo potential customers. Studies have also shown that online customers expect prompt and proper customer support. They also expect to have choices in the form of availing telephone hotlines, online chat support, email support, etc. And the customer support personnel have to be polite, respectful, willing to help and assist. He/she should also have adequate knowledge of the e-retailing processes adopted by the company so that customers’ queries can be answered. (Bharadwaj et, al., 2007) If all these criteria are met then the retailing websites will retain existing customer s and add new ones. The realities of e-commerce industry are emergent and as a result the criteria for evaluation service quality also tends to be ephemeral and specific to segments within the e-commerce industry. For example, the shopping experience with online book retailer www.amazon.com would be quite different from other specialty websites. And what is an advantage with respect to one domain can be a disadvantage when it comes to another. For example, one of the reason clothing stores have not taken off in the Internet is because women want to feel and try out the clothes that they are purchasing, which is not possible through the Internet. On the other hand, for a book retailer like Amazon, the Internet business model works perfectly, as it is the content of the book and not its physical and aesthetic appeal that is most important. In this context, websites should be specialized while at the same time adhering to core service quality values. Works Cited: Bharadwaj, P. N., Soni, R. G. (2007). E-Commerce Usage and Perception of E-Commerce Issues among Small Firms: Results and Implications from an Empirical Study. Journal of Small Business Management, 45(4), 501+. Quader, S., Quader, R. (2008, April/September). The Utilization of E-commerce by Traditional Supermarkets in the UK through Strategic Alliances with Internet Based Companies. Journal of Services Research, 8, 177+. Yang, Z., Jun, M. (2008). Consumer Perception of E-Service Quality: From Internet Purchaser and Non-Purchaser Perspectives. Journal of Business Strategies, 25(2), 59+. With the development of the Internet in the last twenty years, the nature and manner in which business transactions and interactions with customers are carried out has undergone a sea change. In its early days, the Internet was used solely for purposes of communication. But in recent years the role and scope of the Internet has assumed new dimensions with the introduction of commercial transactions. What has come to be called e-commerce has its origins in the dotcom boom of the late 1990s. But it is only after the inevitable dotcom bust in the early years of the millennia that e-commerce established itself as a viable and dependable method of conducting business. Technological innovation in terms of developing security software aided this process and so did the process of globalization. As a culmination of these parallel but complementary processes, e-commerce in general and electronic financial transactions in particular has firmly taken root in mainstream global .

GST Boon or Bane For Malaysian Economy Essays

GST Boon or Bane For Malaysian Economy Essays GST Boon or Bane For Malaysian Economy Essay GST Boon or Bane For Malaysian Economy Essay Boon or bane for the Malaysian economy? Tantrum Ursula Finance Feb 17, 2014, 9:00 AM Its been a whirlwind year of Malaysian price and tax increases. Right at the centre is the controversial Goods and Services Tax at a flat 6%, revealed in the 2014 Budget announcement by Prime Minister Dates Series Nasal Razor. We look at the facts of the SST and how it will impact the economy. PRO: A replacement tax, not an additional tax In all the arguing and debating about the SST, Its worth noting that the SST replaces resent consumption taxes namely the SST, or sales tax (10%) and the service tax (6%). In theory, a flat 6% SST means consumers will be charged less, since theyre not paying 10% + PRO: Better for businesses Economists prefer the SST over SST because It Is more transparent and more business friendly. With the government haling the ease of administering SST including simplified tax returns preparing for April 1, 201 5 will not be as difficult for local firms as economists earlier worried. CON: A year of price increases, new taxes, and subsidy cuts This year Malaysian have had to contend with petrol subsidy cuts, the abolishment f the sugar subsidy, public transport price increases, likely toll hike and the SST. The average Malaysian is hurting from all the increases, meaning come 2015 the SST will start on a bad foot, regardless of how its marketed to the public. : Ideally, the SST would have been announced this year and the rest of the price hikes would be staggered over the next five years. CON: Expect a Jump in inflation Other countries introducing a SST have had to deal with a sudden sharp jump in inflation. Theres no reason to indicate the same will not apply for Malaysia, which already has to deal with serious inflation. An estimated 2-3% higher inflation rate can be expected. Conclusion: Not in love with the tax, but can it be the cure Malaysia needs? Pituitary wants all of Malaysia to know that some sacrifices have to take place to take Malaysia out of its deficit. The average Malaysian wants a commensurate Increase in standard of living to match the rising cost of living. All in all, the SST Is a step forward, but its clear that its a forced step nobody wants a tax when everything else costs more, too. AMORAL URSULA is a Journalist who has worked In political news, international affairs, business, sports and lifestyle. The founding partner at boutique creative services agency OFFSET Salsa hopes Pituitary doesnt resort to negligible quick fixes to boost the economy, but rather holistic approaches that can be sustainable long-term. BY Impassibility Amateur Ursula Finance Feb 17, 2014, 9:00 AM announcement by Prime Minister Dates Series Ninja Razor. We look at the facts of the In all the arguing and debating about the SST, its worth noting that the SST replaces paying 10% + 6%. PRO: Better for businesses Economists prefer the SST over SST because it is more transparent and more business friendly. With the government hailing the ease of administering SST of the sugar subsidy, public transport price increases, likely toll hike and the SST. The average Malaysian is hurting from all the increases, meaning come 201 5 the SST will Other countries introducing a SST have had to deal with a sudden sharp Jump in increase in standard of living to match the rising cost of living. All in all, the SST is a everything else costs more, too. AMORAL RUSSIAN is a Journalist who has worked in partner at boutique creative services agency OFFSET Asia hopes Pituitary doesnt

Focus vs. Locus

Focus vs. Locus Focus vs. Locus Focus vs. Locus By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between a focus and a locus is it all just hocus-pocus? and where does nexus fit in? The technical meaning of focus is â€Å"a point of convergence or divergence, or seeming divergence,† in terms of particles of matter. It also refers to adjustment for clear vision as well as the field of clear vision, and it has a geometrical definition of a fixed point. From the scientific sense have developed literal and figurative connotations of a point, center, or area of activity or occurrence, as well as direction, emphasis, perception, and understanding. The original plural spelling of the word, borrowed directly from Latin and meaning â€Å"hearth† (the area of premodern households that was the center of activity), is foci, but focuses is an alternative; the adjectival form is focal. Focus can be employed, depending on context, with or without a preceding article: â€Å"This plan lacks focus†; â€Å"His story doesn’t have a focus†; â€Å"That is the focus of the argument.† A locus, meanwhile (in Latin, the word means â€Å"place†), is a site or location. As is the case with focus, the sense can be figurative or literal. (Unlike focus, locus has only a Latin plural: loci.) The difference between focus and locus, then, is subtle. Both words can refer to a place where something happens, but the fine distinction is that the former denotes a center of attention and the latter refers to the location itself. A locus may become the focus, but the reverse is not true, because the site preceded the attention focused on it. Nexus, from the Latin word nectere, meaning â€Å"to bind† (the root term is also the basis of connect), can also mean â€Å"focus,† but it is better reserved for the senses of â€Å"connection† or â€Å"link,† or of a connected group or series. And what of other related – or seemingly related – terms? An axis is a geometrical or physical or figurative line, or a vertebra or a stem. It can also be somewhat synonymous with the terms defined above, relating to a point or a spectrum, or, as in the manner in which it was used in World War II to refer to the alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan, a partnership. (The Latin word refers to a line or an axle; the plural in both Latin and English is axes.) A cynosure is a guide or a center of attention. (The word is from Greek by way of Latin and means, literally, â€Å"dog’s tail†; it refers to the constellation Ursa Minor, or the Little Bear.) An omphalos (the word is Greek for â€Å"navel†) is a focal point or a hub, and a hub (perhaps a variant of hob, a word for a shelf on a hearth) is a center of activity, either on a large scale or at the center of a wheel. An epicenter is, in figurative usage, a center of activity; the original meaning is the point on Earth’s surface above an earthquake’s point of focus. Now, how about that hocus-pocus? It evidently originated with itinerant performers who incorporated mock-Latin incantations into their magic or juggling acts to impress gullible onlookers, who associated the classical language with learned scholars and ancient mysteries. It is likely a corruption of the blessing â€Å"Hoc est corpus meum,† meaning â€Å"This is my body.† Hokey-pokey is probably a further variant, but neither it nor hocus-pocus has any focus, locus, or nexus. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:4 Types of Gerunds and Gerund PhrasesWhat is Dative Case?Sentence Adverbs

Cultural Timepiece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cultural Timepiece - Essay Example form and before the invention of the industrial clock Does traditional culture not reflect modern culture in earlier form, thus, to conclude that our conceptions of time are motivated by similar conditions For quite a period since the study of time began, it was emphasized by convention that modern and traditional societies perceive time in contrasts. Anthropologists suggested, more in favor of modern time, that traditional time is "cyclical rather than linear, qualitative rather than quantitative, reversible rather than irreversible, encapsulated in tradition rather than constituting the motor of history, organized by routine and practical tasks rather than by the clock, oriented to stability rather than change, geared to natural rather than calendrical rhythms, and reckoned ecologically rather than by an abstract scale" (Adam 1994, 504). With similar theories on traditional time, Whorf singled out the Hopi concept of time and suggested that its distinct difference from the Western concept was of time perceived as not being made up of discrete instances that follow each other but is characterized by a cumulative getting later (1956, 151). And likened to Whorf's analysis, Evans-Pritchard proposed that the movement of their time must be recognized as an illusion, unlike Western time which passes and progresses, because the tribal time structure stays constant, meaning that their perception of time is no more than the movement of persons through the structure. He further propose that the span of their tradition is limited compared to modern Timepiece 3 time, and that in their myth, the events do not have relative succession (1940, 107-8). These notions has provided us with an impression that the time of traditional societies were found by a radically obscure consciousness driven by primitive conditions. Somehow these model theories would, it seems, have us drift farther away instead of closer to understanding other cultures through their behavior towards time, and in a way convince us that our evolutionary relationship with these societies is incomprehensible. Moreover, if we are to consider these analyses as unanimously true and ideal, our alienation would be fueled by an assumption that these other people are actually molded with an alien makeup by some source alien from our world. And by the same exaggeration have us wonder whether our own civilized consciousness was in fact innate and there was never any need for it to have to grow out of evolution. Closer to home, Ingold presented a different set of dichotomies which is more in regard to industrialism and the household. He contrasted perspectives such that there is free time and clock time as opposed to all time is task-oriented; that there is work and leisure against the notion that all life consists of tasks; that there is creative art and the

Illegal use of VOIP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Illegal use of VOIP - Essay Example According to the essay the principle behind VoIP is that using a computer and a microphone it is possible to record sound of a person. In this process, the sound would be sampled at a very high rate and then would be stored as files in the computer. Each of these samples is a small bit of sound by the respective person. Now the computer would be able to use these samples in such a way that a listener would be able to hear accurately what the speaker has said. In VoIP, the difference is that the recorded samples are send through IP services to another computer placed at a distant place. So the speaker’s voice could be heard as such by a listener sitting at a long distance. As the paper presents VoIP system could be installed in a variety of hardware systems such as a telephone. There is no need of a computer in that case. Some of the VoIP providers allow a customer to contact only a person using the same service. But there are providers who would allow contacting any person with a telephone number and this include land line or mobile or international or long distance numbers. Instead of a computer one could use a VoIP telephone for the purpose. The traditional telephone available with the customer could be used for the purpose with a VoIP adapter. In this case the digital signals of sound would be converted into regular telephone signals before it reaches destination. ... So IP packets would be containing a lot of samples each with a bit of sound and together they form the entire message. If these packets are delivered in the correct time satisfactory results could be obtained. But if it is delayed, it has to be discarded. The process of compression, transmission, the processes by which it is uncompressed and delivered have to take place in a very less time. If the process is delayed or is not occurring according to time there would be echo or over talk (VOIP disadvantages, 2009). VoIP system could be installed in a variety of hardware systems such as a telephone. There is no need of a computer in that case. Some of the VoIP providers allow a customer to contact only a person using the same service. But there are providers who would allow contacting any person with a telephone number and this include land line or mobile or international or long distance numbers. Instead of a computer one could use a VoIP telephone for the purpose. The traditional telephone available with the customer could be used for the purpose with a VoIP adapter. In this case the digital signals of sound would be converted into regular telephone signals before it reaches destination. Above all these in areas where wireless internet connections are possible like in airports, cafes etc, VoIP service could be availed wirelessly (Voice-Over-Internet Protocol, 2009). This makes illegal calls very easy to be made. There is no need of spending money on expensive devices for VoIP services. Without much expenditure, using the existing phone one could easily make long distance calls through VoIP and for the same reason it is difficult for the government to interfere to reduce such illegal practices (How does VoIP works, 2009). According to Burns (2007) in China the

explain what Prometheus means by freedom and why he values it :: essays research papers

Prometheus says that â€Å"to be free, a man must be free of his brothers.† By reference to the story, explain what Prometheus means by freedom and why he values it. In what significant ways is freedom non-existent in the society from which he escapes – and what are the consequences of that lack of freedom?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Ayn Rand’s Anthem, Prometheus says that â€Å"to be free, a man must be free of his brothers.† Freedom is a concept totally forbidden in the society in Anthem. Prometheus is given consequences for acting free. The society sees anything different as being a transgression. Maybe, since Prometheus was taller than normal, He thought of things differently. What does Prometheus mean by the word â€Å"freedom?† He means being an individual, and relying on oneself to think and do. He sees freedom as a great thing but knows it is a transgression. He asks himself and wonders why, even though it is a transgression to think by ones self. Freedom as Prometheus sees it, is like when he creates his invention by himself, or when he talks to the â€Å"Golden One† and they exchange names for eachother. When he runs away to the unchartered forest he feels happy and doesn’t know what to do when he wakes up that first day. In Ayn Rand’s Anthem freedom is non existent. People’s actions must involve the society. People are not allowed to think for themselves. To act on your own would be a great transgression. Equality, secretly, works on his invention, knowing, of course, that if caught he and his invention would be destroyed. Freedom in this society is, although forbidden, is like being an individual. This is what Prometheus likes about the â€Å"Golden One,† the fact that she is like an individual. The lack of freedom in this society causes Prometheus to do what he does. It gives Prometheus problems, for example, throughout his life he was treated differently b/c he was tall. In this society being tall was a transgression b/c it was different and they didn’t like that. The consequences of being different were great. He is punished for working on his invention, not b/c it was a bad idea, but b/c the members of the Council of Scholars thought that he had â€Å"dared †¦ to think that his mind held greater wisdom than the minds of his brothers.

Drugs that can relieve depression

Drugs that can alleviate depression Introduction Drugs such as Paxil, Zoloft, and Prozac can alleviate depression by increasing the degrees of both norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. However, repeated cardiovascular exercising such as running can besides assist relieve depression ( Myers, 2001 ) . Yet, these interventions may merely work temporarily. Deep encephalon stimulation is a radical technology-electrodes are implanted in the encephalon and attached to a battery in the thorax that emits low-tension electrical currents-that promises to be an of import tool for relieving human agony ( Talan, 2009 ) . More than 40,000 patients around the universe have undergone deep encephalon stimulation. Most have experienced singular betterment, and intelligence of the successes has been reported widely. Yet between the encephalon and device are ambuscades and challenges less frequently captured, and they are important to a clearer apprehension of what physicians and scientists mean by a â€Å" discovery † ( Talan, 2009 ) . Medical Electricity History It is amazing to observe that worlds have possessed the ability to use electricity to impact a individual ‘s province of head: in the text of if they are active or inactive. What is even more dumbfounding is the fact that electricity has really been used for a long clip. Literature dictates the fact that a physician from Rome used the unconditioned electricity from certain types of fish to assist comfort trouble off ( Kuhfeld, 1995 ) . Furthemore, scientists such as Benjamin Franklin have besides experimented with electricity. Hence, society is cognizant of how electricity can aide us in the medical field ; we know merely how blameworthy it is. However, scientists lack the cognition of lawfully cognizing how the electricity is able to effectual and if it is a safe path to travel to. History of Deep Brain Stimulation One of the first dramatic associations between depression and Parkinson ‘s emerged rather by accident. In 2001, a Gallic doctor and scientist, Yves Agid, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine that electrical stimulation of the subthalamic karyon by chance turned on nearby nervus fibres that connect to the limbic system, the web of encephalon countries that control temper. In one patient with Parkinson ‘s disease, deep encephalon stimulation triggered an overpowering feeling of unhappiness and desperation. It went off when the stimulator was turned off. A CAT scan showed that the electrode was located near to the subthalamic karyon, really in the substantia nigger ( Talan, 2009 ) . Historically DBS has been found most effectual against hurting, depression, and symptoms of Parkinson ‘s disease, including shudder and dystonia. The curative marks are really similar to, and seem to be fueled by the earlier consequences of medical electricity ( Talan, 2009 ) . Medical electricity, at the heals of DBS, appears to the be at the threshold of a medical discovery ( Kringelbach, Jenkinson, & A ; Owen, 2007 ) . Causes of Depression ( Biological Perspective ) Familial Influences It is known that temper upsets, peculiarly major depressive upset, runs in households. If one ‘s akin or parent has been depressed, one is more susceptible to undertaking the upset by genetic sciences. Genes act by directing biochemical events that, down the line, influence behaviour ( Myers, 2001 ) . Although the existent cistron has non yet been isolated, multiple surveies corroborate this fact such as the instance survey of Charles Whitman. Both his male parent and gramps experienced drawn-out periods of major depressive upset, therefore accounting genetic sciences from the male side of his household tree for his exhibition of depression at an early age. This would finally burgeon into him floging out his desperation onto others by the agencies of slaughter at the UT tower in Austin, Texas ( Lavergne, 1998 ) . Depressed Brain Depression is caused by a chemical instability of the neurotransmitters-messenger molecules that transport signals to the nervus cells. Serotonin affects temper, hungriness, slumber and rousing. Norepinephrine helps command watchfulness and rousing. Both norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine are scarce during depression. When low, they wholly alter the encephalon chemical science ( Myers, 2001, p.550 ) . [ 1 ] Partss of the Brain Are Affected The limbic constructions [ 2 ] that modulate temper provender into the frontal cerebral mantle, the striate body, the thalamus, the hypothalamus, and the encephalon root. These parts talk to one another all the clip ; therefore, jobs in the circuit could take to hard thought, attending, temper, and behaviour. Scientists found that these circuits-particularly a overactive web of encephalon cells in the subjenual cingulated part, besides called the Brodmann country 25-are abnormally hyperactive in people with depression. Amygdala In the limbic system, two amygdaliform nervous bunchs, called the amygdaloid nucleus, influence aggression and fright. Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland Although it is non unequivocal that both of these constructions have a direct correlativity to major depressive upset, since both of these constructions deal with endocrine degrees it is noted that when these degrees are increased, a down province in maintained for a longer sum of clip ( Harvard Medical School, 2007 ) . How Nerve cells Communicate Signals reach a nerve cell ‘s axon terminal, and from at that place, the message is relayed to the designated country of the organic structure from that axon ( Myers, 2001 ) . As stated antecedently, both norepinephirne and 5-hydroxytryptamine are significantly low in down patients. [ 3 ] ( Carter, 1998 ; Myers, 2001 ) . Treatments of Major Depressive Disorder ( Biological Perspective ) Particular drugs such as Paxil, Zoloft, and Prozac can alleviate depression by barricading their re-uptake therefore increasing the degrees of both norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. However, repeated cardiovascular exercising such as running releases endorphins and increases the sum of 5-hydroxytryptamine the blood stream that besides helps relieve depression ( Myers, 2001 ) . Yet, these interventions may merely work temporarily for some sick persons. Since leukotomies are no longer practiced, persons with major depressive upset merely abide by his or her medicine modus operandi or can undergo VNS ( vagus nervus stimulation ) is combined with the cardinal construct of deep encephalon stimulation to breathe electrical currents to the ventromedial cerebral mantle, the centre to a great extent involved in positive support and feelings of pleasance ( Talan, 2009 ) . Harmonizing to Helen Mayberg, a adult female who has pioneered functional function of the down encephalon at the University of Texas Health Sciences Center in San Antonio and John Hopkins University School of Medicine, she has realized that interventions take different route within the encephalon, but they finally arrive at the same reference. That is why people with depression could acquire better many different ways, even with a placebo pill ( Talan, 2009 ) . Stimulating the web of the limbic system affects motive, societal interaction, the ability to see pleasance and anxiousness. One frequently hears people say that the room looks brighter, that a weight has lifted, when the simulators are tested during the surgery of deep encephalon stimulation ( Talan, 2009 ) . When interventions work, the activity of the limbic system webs appears to return to normal. It makes sense that the so many encephalon countries are involved in depression, which is non merely negative temper. Peoples lose their motive to acquire out of bed, to work, to love. They have jobs paying attending and believing clearly. Their feeding and kiping spiels â€Å" are manner off-kitler † ( Talan, 2009, p. 82 ) . How Deep Brain Stimulation Works The basic thought behind deep encephalon stimulation and how it operates is by engrafting electrodes into the encephalon near the subthalamic karyon, and so engrafting a battery in the thorax of the patient. By making so, the sawbones can externally command the battery to breathe peculiar electromotive forces of pulsations the encephalon so it can, hopefully, aim the encephalon where it is most affected. Although in some patients it is necessary to replace the battery every six months since it is hard to find the right battery accustomed for each patient, the success rate is swimmingly above 50 per centum, therefore demoing outstanding possible and procedure in the distant hereafter. Case Study of Deanna Cole-Benjamin Deanna Cole-Benjamin, a public wellness nurse, was the 6th patient at the University of Toronto to undergo deep encephalon stimulation for terrible and grim depression. Virtually every antidepressant on the market, every bit good as 80 unit of ammunitions of electroconvulsive therapy therapy, had failed her. â€Å" It was worse than being dead in a manner † ( Talan, 2009, p. 83 ) said Cole-Benjamin. Her self-destructive ideas and actions had led to four old ages in and out of the Kingston Psychiatric Hospital. Cole-Benjamin was so deeply ill that she could hardly speak. When the sawbones who operated on her turned up the device to excite the first contact, nil happened. When he turned up the stimulation more, the patient described a brighter feeling. When he turned it off, she fell rather once more and thought possibly it was merely her imaginativeness ( Talan, 2009 ) . Within a few hebdomads, the symptoms that had plagued Cole-Benjamin for four old ages were significantly decreased. Before her surgery, she told her sawbones that she wanted to be able to embrace her kids and to experience their heat and love. Finally, after twelvemonth of concealing under her screens, she could embrace her kids and experience deep pleasance ( Talan, 2009 ) . Case Study of Melissa Murphy Depression had landed in Murphy ‘s life with no warning two twelvemonth earlier, when the merrily married and successful public dealingss executive got up from her desk on a warm summer afternoon, walked out of her office, and ne'er returned. She went place and cried, and she had no thought why. Other than for an occasional physician ‘s assignment, she did non lavish or dress for the outside universe for months. Her hubby, Scott, had taken a occupation in Boston and she had remained in Chicago. For a piece, she kept up visual aspect on the phone with Scott. Deeply, distressingly depressed, she remained in this asleep province until October, when Scot traveled to Chicago, packed her up, and moved her back E ( Talan, 2009 ) . By so, Murphy ‘s weight had dropped below one hundred lbs. Neither the healers he saw four times a hebdomad nor all the medical specialty she took for months on terminal helped her. Recognizing how bad things truly were, her household arranged for her to undergo electroconvulsive therapy therapy, but despite 17 sessions-to both sides of the brain- † Nothing made a dent † ( Talan, 2009, p. 86 ) Murphy recalled. Finally she became self-destructive. One twenty-four hours she swallowed an full month ‘s supply of the anti-anxiety drug Konopin. She would fire herself with coffin nails to see what if felt like. She took kitchen knives to cut her carpuss ( Talan, 2009 ) . By the clip Murphy showed up at Dougherty ‘s office, she had been treated by six other head-shrinkers. He looked at a sum-up of all interventions and thought about seeking vagus nervus stimulation, which late had been approved for treatment-resistant depression. The pneumogastric nervus starts at the encephalon root and descends to the cervix, thorax, and venters. It helps in feeling aortal blood force per unit area, decelerating bosom rate, exciting digestive variety meats, and pull offing gustatory sensation. Studies show that the nervus undertakings to some countries of the encephalon associated with depression, and for still unexplained grounds, exciting it seems to raise temper in about a 3rd of patients. Surgeons thread a wire into the cervix, wrap it around the nervus, and connect the wire to a battery-operated pacesetter in the thorax. However, she was excessively ill for even vagus nervus stimulation ( Talan, 2009 ) . Potato became the 10th patient to undergo deep encephalon stimulation in the Cleveland, Brown, and Harvard coaction ( Talan, 2009 ) . Three hebdomads after the operation, Greenberg turned on the batteries and began programming the device. Melissa Murphy laughed for the firs clip in old ages. During Murphy ‘s scheduling with Greenberg, she remembers experiencing a haste of warm blood throughout her organic structure right before she laughed. When the stimulator was turned off, the heat was gone ( Talan, 2009 ) . Programing is portion art, portion scientific discipline. Murphy ‘s initial scene was four Vs on each side, and it was subsequently increased to eight Vs. The alteration was slow and steady, and the battery seemed to necessitate altering every six moths-each alteration intending another twenty-four hours of surgery to open up Murphy ‘s thorax and faux pas in a new hitter ( Talan, 2009 ) . Deep encephalon stimulation turned out to be something less than the instant remedy that Murphy hoped it would be. â€Å" I thought one time they turned it on I would be better right manner, but it has take a batch longer than I thought † ( Talan, 2009, p.89 ) Murphy said. She still has great hard with concentration, memory, and believing clearly. Doctors kept records of these symptoms because it was possible that they were side effects of the device itself ( Talan, 2009 ) . Decision The human encephalon has a long history of entering memory and temper, and it will take more than merely one chink of a button and a bend of a dial to acquire people better. Therefore, it is non yet clear what deep encephalon stimulation is really making at the web degree. Mayberg believes that this depression web is hyperactive, but squads of scientists have shown that stimulation activates end product from the encephalon web involved in depression. Harmonizing to Jerry Vitek, soon at the Cleveland Clinic, stimulation non merely activates the end product from the stirred construction but besides changes the form of neural activity from a noisy, helter-skelter signal to a more regular 1. Vitek believes that this may be the key to how it works, but notes that much remains to be done to understand the effects on the web and how it may alter with long-run stimulation. In 2008, deep encephalon stimulation for depression was still really much an experimental process, and the mechanisms underlying the clinical alteration in patients remained a enigma. Extra old ages of surveies and punctilious analysis of the consequences are necessary to reason a definite consequence so DBS can finally assist some of the patients whom head-shrinkers have been unable to handle conventionally. [ 1 ] Appendix B depicts a Favored scan of the difference between a down and normal encephalon. [ 2 ] Appendix C is a labelled image of the Basal Ganglia, which includes limbic system. [ 3 ] Appendix F shows the different tracts Dopastat and serotonin return in the encephalon.

Serial Killer Edward Gein

When police went to Ed Geins Plainfield, Wisconsin, farm to investigate the disappearance of a local woman, they had no idea they would discover some of the most grotesque crimes ever committed. Gein and an accomplice had been robbing graves to find bodies for his experiments, but he decided he needed fresher corpses and began killing and dismembering women. The Gein Family Ed, his older brother, Henry, his father, George, and his mother, Augusta, lived on a  farm a few miles outside Plainfield. George was an alcoholic, and Augusta, a religious fanatic, was a demanding and overbearing woman. She loathed George, but due to her deep religious beliefs, divorce wasnt an option. Augusta had run a small grocery store until she purchased the farm. She picked it because it was secluded and she wanted to keep outsiders  from influencing her sons. The boys left the farm only for school, and Augusta blocked their attempts to have friends. As far back as Ed could remember, Augusta either delegated farm work for the boys or quoted the Gospel. She labored to teach them about sin, especially the evils of sex and women. Ed was small and  appeared effeminate. He often laughed randomly, as if at his own jokes, which resulted in bullying. In 1940, when Ed was 34, George died as a result of his alcoholism. Four years later Henry died while fighting a fire. Ed was now responsible for the welfare of his domineering mother, tending to her until her death in 1945. Ed, now alone, sealed off all but one room and the kitchen of the farmhouse. He no longer worked the farm after the government began paying him under a soil conservation program. Local handyman jobs subsidized his income. Fantasy of Sex and Dismemberment Ed stayed to himself, spending hours obsessed with sexual fantasy and reading about female anatomy. Human experiments performed in Nazi camps also fascinated him. As his mental images of sex and dismemberment merged, Ed reached gratification. He told Gus, another loner and longtime friend, about experiments he wanted to perform, but he needed bodies, so together they began robbing graves, including that of Eds mother. Over ten years, experiments with the corpses became more gruesome and bizarre, including  necrophilia and cannibalism. Ed then returned the corpses to their graves, except for parts he kept as trophies. His obsession centered  on his overpowering desire to turn himself into a woman. He constructed items from womens skin that he could drape on himself, such as female masks and breasts. He even made a body-size female-like jumpsuit. Mary Hogan Grave robbing was his  only source of bodies until Ed decided that perfecting his sex change required fresher corpses. On Dec. 8, 1954, Ed killed tavern owner Mary Hogan. Police couldnt solve her disappearance, but evidence at the tavern indicated foul play. Gus wasnt involved in the murder, having been  institutionalized beforehand. Bernice Worden On Nov. 16, 1957, Ed entered  Bernice Wordens  hardware store, a place he had been  hundreds of times, so Bernice had no reason to fear him, even when he removed a .22 rifle from the display rack. After putting his own bullet into the rifle, Ed shot  Bernice, placed her body into the store truck, returned to get the cash register, and drove to his home. An investigation into  Bernices disappearance began after her son, Frank, a deputy sheriff, returned late that afternoon from a hunting trip and discovered his mother missing and blood on the floor of the store.  Although Ed had no criminal history, Waushara County Sheriff Art  Schley felt it was time to visit the  odd loner. Unfathomable Crimes Uncovered Police found Ed near his home, then went to his farmhouse hoping to find Bernice. They started with the shed. Working in the dark, Waushara County sheriff Art  Schley lit a torch and found Bernices naked corpse hanging upside down, disemboweled, the throat and head missing. Turning to Eds house, they found evidence  more horrific than anyone could have imagined. Everywhere they saw body parts: skulls made into bowls, jewelry made from human skin, hanging lips, chairs upholstered with human skin, facial skin that resembled masks, and a box of vulvas including his mothers, painted silver. The body parts, it was later determined, came from 15 women; some could never be identified. Wordens mothers heart was found in a pan on the stove. Ed  was committed to  Waupun State Mental Hospital for the rest of his life. It was revealed that he killed older women because of his love-hate feelings for his mother. He died of cancer at 78, and his remains were buried in his family plot in Plainfield. Ed Geins crimes as a serial killer inspired the film characters  Norman Bates (Psycho), Jame Gumb (The Silence of the Lambs) and Leatherface (Texas Chainsaw Massacre). Sources Deviant: The Shocking True Story of Ed Gein, by Harold Schechter